EBITDA vs EBIT: Understanding the Key Metrics for Smarter Financial Decision

EBIT vs EBITDA is a widely debated topic in financial analysis and decision-making. Choosing the wrong metric can mislead your strategy.

Every startup, founder, or CFO faces this question at some point: Should I use EBIT or EBITDA? The wrong choice may mislead your investors, or worse, your internal strategy.

In this blog, we break it down so you can choose the right metric.

What Is EBIT vs EBITDA and Why It Matters

Meaning of EBITDA Meaning

EBITDA, or Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization, is a key indicator of a company’s core operational performance. It measures the cash generated from business operations, excluding the effects of financing decisions and non-cash expenses like depreciation and amortization.

By focusing purely on earnings from operations, EBITDA offers a clearer view of a company’s cash flow potential. 

It’s especially useful when comparing businesses across industries with varying capital structures and accounting practices. 

EBITDA often appears in a startup’s pitch deck to showcase core profitability and growth. By excluding financing and non-cash costs, it highlights operational strength, making it key to many startup valuation methods.

Meaning of EBIT

EBIT, or Earnings Before Interest and Taxes, represents a company’s operating profit. It reflects the earnings generated from core business activities after accounting for depreciation and amortization, but before deducting interest and tax expenses.

Unlike EBITDA, EBIT includes non-cash costs related to asset usage, offering a more complete picture of profitability. 

It highlights how efficiently a business turns revenue into profit, considering the wear and tear of its assets. This distinction makes the EBIT vs EBITDA comparison especially important for capital-intensive businesses.

Real-Life Example | Zomato’s EBIT vs EBITDA In FY 2023–24, Zomato reported a positive EBITDA of ₹42 crore, a major turnaround from the ₹783 crore loss last year. However, the company incurred ₹526 crore in depreciation and amortization, meaning its EBIT was significantly lower, even though Zomato didn’t disclose it directly. Key Takeaways: EBITDA highlights that core operations became cash-positive. EBIT would reflect the steep capital costs still affecting profitability.

Why You Should Care

Imagine you're a founder gearing up for a funding round. Presenting your financials using EBITDA can highlight strong operational cash flow, often appearing more attractive to investors by excluding depreciation and other non-cash expenses.

But if you're approaching a bank for a loan, the story changes.

Lenders usually rely on EBIT, as it accounts for depreciation and gives a more realistic view of your asset base and long-term repayment capacity.

In short, your audience determines your metric. Use EBITDA to impress investors. Use EBIT to build trust with lenders. Knowing when to use which can significantly influence how your business is perceived.

EBIT vs EBITDA Formula and Key Differences

EBITDA vs EBIT Formula: Simple Breakdown

Understanding the formula is the first step in mastering these metrics. Here's a clear side-by-side view:

EBITDA = Net Profit + Interest + Taxes + Depreciation + Amortization
EBIT = Net Profit + Interest + Taxes

Or, alternatively:
EBIT = Revenue – Operating Expenses (excluding interest and tax)
EBITDA = EBIT + Depreciation + Amortization

These formulas highlight a key point; EBITDA adds back non-cash expenses, making it appear more optimistic in some cases.

It’s simple math but with powerful implications.

Can EBIT Be Greater Than EBITDA?

A fair question and a common confusion and the answer is NO. 

EBIT can never be greater than EBITDA.

Why? Because EBITDA adds depreciation and amortization back to EBIT. These are non-cash expenses that reduce EBIT but not EBITDA.

So unless your depreciation is negative (which is virtually impossible), EBITDA will always be equal to or higher than EBIT. This difference becomes critical when analyzing companies with large fixed assets.

Key Differences: What Really Sets Them Apart

Here’s a snapshot of how these two metrics diverge in practice:

Factor	EBIT	EBITDA
Primary Focus	Operating profit	Operating cash flow
Includes Depreciation?	✅ Yes	❌ No
Use in Capital-Intensive Industries	Reflects true cost of operations	May inflate profitability
Best For	Local or detailed profitability	Cross-border or peer comparisons

In essence: EBIT gives a more conservative, real-world picture, ideal for assessing actual profitability.   EBITDA focuses on cash flow before capital and financing costs, great for comparing across industries.

How to Calculate EBIT and EBITDA: A Practical Example

Now that you understand what EBIT and EBITDA mean, let’s walk through a practical example to see how these metrics are calculated using a standard Profit & Loss (P&L) statement.

Let’s assume we’re evaluating the financials of a fictional company: FinVerse Pvt. Ltd., a mid-sized SaaS business for FY 2023–24.

Sample Profit & Loss Statement

Particulars	Amount (₹)
Revenue (Net Sales)	1,00,00,000
Cost of Goods Sold (COGS)	35,00,000
Gross Profit	65,00,000
Operating Expenses
– Salaries	15,00,000
– Rent & Utilities	6,00,000
– Marketing & Advertising	4,00,000
– Depreciation	5,00,000
– Amortization	2,00,000
Total Operating Expenses	32,00,000
Operating Profit (EBIT)	33,00,000
Interest Expense	3,00,000
Profit Before Tax (PBT)	30,00,000
Income Tax (25%)	7,50,000
Net Profit	22,50,000

Step-by-Step Calculation of EBIT

You can derive EBIT in two ways:

Method 1: From Operating Profit

Since EBIT represents operating profit before interest and tax:

EBIT = ₹33,00,000

Method 2: From Revenue and Expenses

Alternatively, you can calculate EBIT using this approach:

EBIT = Revenue – COGS – Operating Expenses (excluding interest and tax)

     = ₹1,00,00,000 – ₹35,00,000 – ₹32,00,000

     = ₹33,00,000

So, EBIT = ₹33,00,000

This confirms the operating profit figure in the P&L.

Step-by-Step Calculation of EBITDA

EBITDA adds back non-cash expenses: depreciation and amortization to EBIT:

EBITDA = EBIT + Depreciation + Amortization

       = ₹33,00,000 + ₹5,00,000 + ₹2,00,000

       = ₹40,00,000

So, EBITDA = ₹40,00,000

Quick Summary

Metric	Value (₹)	How it’s derived
EBIT	33,00,000	Operating Profit before interest and tax
EBITDA	40,00,000	EBIT + Depreciation + Amortization

Where to Use EBIT and EBITDA in Decision-Making

EBIT and EBITDA aren’t just accounting terms, they’re essential tools that drive smarter decisions. Depending on the context, choosing the right metric can shape how stakeholders perceive your business.

Let’s break down when and why each metric matters:

1. Fundraising & Investor Pitching

Use: EBITDA

Imagine you’re a startup founder pitching to venture capitalists. Your company is scaling fast, but you're reinvesting all profits and taking on debt. In this case, EBITDA helps you cut through the noise. 

It shows how your core operations are performing before financial structure and accounting choices distort the view.

Why it works:
EBITDA strips out depreciation, amortization, interest, and taxes, things that don’t reflect operational efficiency. For investors, this gives a purer measure of cash generation and scalability.

Example:
A SaaS company may show negative net income due to heavy amortization of software licenses. But its positive EBITDA proves it's operationally strong.

When to use it:

• Venture Capital or Private Equity presentations
• Investor pitch decks
• Growth-stage valuations

2. Loan Applications & Credit Evaluation

Use: EBIT

Now switch hats, you’re applying for a term loan from a bank. Lenders aren’t just looking at how much cash you generate; they want to know if your assets are losing value or if depreciation is eroding your profits.

Here, EBIT becomes more relevant because it includes depreciation and amortization.

Why it works:
Banks view EBIT as a more conservative indicator of profitability. It shows whether your business is earning enough to cover its costs after accounting for asset wear and tear, critical for secured lending.

Example:
A manufacturing unit with ₹3 crore EBITDA and ₹2 crore depreciation will have ₹1 crore EBIT. This tells the bank that your machines are aging, and they’ll price your loan accordingly.

When to use it:

• Bank loan proposals
• Equipment financing assessments
• Debt service evaluations

3. Internal Performance Reviews & Budgeting

Use: Both EBIT & EBITDA

For CFOs and founders evaluating how well departments or business units are performing, both metrics are valuable, but for different reasons.

• Use EBITDA to assess pure operating performance, cash coming in from actual business activities.
• Use EBIT to track whether the business is profitable after accounting for the cost of using your assets.

Why it works:
EBIT helps in profitability analysis. EBITDA shows how much is left over to reinvest or distribute.

Example:
A delivery company might have positive EBITDA due to high revenue. But if EBIT is low or negative, it may signal that maintenance costs for vehicles (depreciation) are hurting long-term profitability.

When to use it:

• Department-level or business-unit profitability
• Annual planning and budgeting
• Operational vs. asset-based efficiency review

4. Mergers & Acquisitions (M&A)

Use: EBITDA (mostly)

In acquisition deals, the buyer is typically comparing companies across different countries or industries. To make a fair comparison, they want to strip out interest, taxes, and accounting methods, which vary widely.

That’s where EBITDA becomes the metric of choice.

Why it works:
It enables clean valuation using metrics like EV/EBITDA (Enterprise Value to EBITDA). The buyer can assess how much they're paying for each unit of operating cash flow.

Example:
A U.S. firm acquiring an Indian fintech startup won’t factor in Indian tax rates or how depreciation is handled—they care about the core engine. EBITDA shows this better than EBIT.

When to use it:

• Valuation discussions during M&A
• Due diligence documentation
• Strategic acquisition decisions

5. Strategy for Capital-Intensive Businesses

Use: EBIT

Let’s say you run a logistics company with warehouses and trucks. Depreciation on those assets is substantial. EBIT captures how these assets impact your earnings, making it more realistic for long-term planning.

Why it works:
Ignoring depreciation (as EBITDA does) might lead you to overestimate your margins and underinvest in future replacements. EBIT keeps you grounded.

Example:
A company with ₹10 crore EBITDA but ₹7 crore depreciation from aging equipment may appear profitable. But EBIT tells a different story—it shows a margin of just ₹3 crore.

When to use it:

• Long-term financial strategy
• Capex planning and asset ROI
• Forecasting replacements or upgrades

Conclusion: EBIT vs EBITDA (It’s All About the Context)

There’s no universal winner in the EBIT vs EBITDA debate. Each serves a distinct purpose based on your business model, maturity stage, and audience.

If you're in the early stages, focused on growth and raising capital, EBITDA gives investors a clearer view of your operational potential, without the noise of depreciation or financing costs.

But if you’re planning for long-term sustainability, applying for credit, or operating in an asset-heavy sector, EBIT offers a more grounded picture of true profitability, accounting for the real cost of running your business.

The smartest strategy? Understand both. Use both.
Together, they offer a 360° view of performance, cash flow, and sustainability.

Because smart financial decisions aren’t based on just one number, they’re built on the full picture.

FAQs on EBIT vs EBITDA

Q.  What is the difference between EBIT vs EBITDA?

The key difference between EBIT vs EBITDA lies in depreciation and amortization.

EBIT includes depreciation and amortization. EBITDA excludes them. So EBITDA usually looks more profitable but may ignore future costs.

This means EBITDA generally shows higher profitability, but it may overlook the long-term wear and tear of assets. EBIT, on the other hand, gives a more conservative view of your actual earnings by including non-cash costs.

Q. Should I use EBIT or EBITDA?

This depends on your goal.

• Use EBITDA if you want to highlight operational efficiency, especially for investor pitches or comparing companies across different industries.
• Use EBIT if you're assessing true profitability or applying for loans, since it considers depreciation, which matters in capital-heavy businesses.

So if you're asking, "Should I use EBIT or EBITDA?" the answer is: use the one that matches your purpose.

Q. How to calculate EBITDA?

To calculate EBITDA, you can use either of the following formulas:

1. EBITDA = EBIT + Depreciation + Amortization
2. EBITDA = Net Profit + Interest + Taxes + Depreciation + Amortization

This formula strips out non-cash and financing costs, giving a clear view of cash earnings from operations. It’s a key metric in M&A deals and startup valuations.

Q. Why do investors prefer EBITDA?

Investors often prefer EBITDA because it allows them to:

• Compare companies across industries
• Ignore variations in tax rates, debt, and asset age
• Focus on core operational efficiency

This makes EBITDA a favored metric for VCs and PE firms, especially when evaluating early-stage startups or international deals.

Q. What does EBITDA mean in simple terms?

In simple terms, EBITDA means cash profit from your core business, before accounting for taxes, interest on loans, or wear-and-tear on assets.

It tells you how much cash the business is generating, making it easier to understand whether operations are actually profitable, without the noise of financial or accounting decisions.

Q. Why is EBITDA favored over EBIT by financial analysts?

EBITDA is often favored because it gives a clear picture of operational performance, excluding interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization.

It allows analysts to compare companies across industries without being skewed by capital structure or accounting differences.